Second Generation of the Computers
This Computer Started 1956-1963.
This computer machines were based on transistor technology.
The replacement of vacuum tubes by transistors in this computers.
The transistor was invented in 1947 but did not see widespread use in computers until the late 1950's.
The transistor was far superior to the vacuum tube, allowing computers to become smaller, faster, cheaper, more energy-efficient and more reliable than their first-generation predecessors.
Computers still relied on punched cards for input and printouts for output.
Second-generation computers moved from cryptic binary machine language to symbolic, or assembly, languages, which allowed programmers to specify instructions in words.
High-level programming languages were also being developed at this time, such as early versions of COBOL and FORTRAN.
The examples of second generation computers are IBM 7094 series, IBM 1400 series and CDC 164 etc.
Advantages:-
1)This computers were smaller as compared to the first generation computers.
2)These computers were much reliable and more powerful.
3)The computers of second generation used ‘Stored Program Concept.
4)Printers, tape storage, disk storage, memory were started from second generation of computers.
5)Processing speed improved to microseconds.
1) Only used for specific purposes.
2) Costly and not versatile.
3) Punch cards were used for input.
4) Commercial production was difficult.
2) Costly and not versatile.
3) Punch cards were used for input.
4) Commercial production was difficult.
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